Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM)

From Wikipedia: Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing:

The research in expending and applying the ICAM Definitions have proceeded. In the 1990s for example the Material Handling Research Center (MHRC) of the Stewart School of Industrial and Systems Engineering (ISyE) and University of Arkansas had included the it in their Information Systems reseach area. That area focuses on the information that must accompany material movements and the application of artificial intelligence to material handling problems. MHRC's research involves expanding the integrated computer-aided manufacturing definition (IDEF) approach to include the information flow as well as the material flow needed to support a manufacturing enterprise, as well as models to handle unscheduled events such as machine breakdowns or material shortages.

From Wikipedia: Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing:

Integrated Computer-Aided Manufacturing (ICAM) is a US Air Force program to develop tools, techniques, and processes to support manufacturing integration and has influenced the computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) project efforts of many companies.

The ICAM program was founded in 1976 and initiative managed by the US Air Force at Wright-Patterson as a part of their technology modernization efforts. The program initiated the development a series of standard for modeling and analysis in management and business improvement, called Integrated Definitions, short IDEFs.