ISO

From MIL-STD-498, J-STD-016, and the U.S. Commercial Standard:

U.S. Commercial Standard (US 12207-1996)

In August 1995, ISO/IEC 12207 was released as an approved international standard. The JISWG is adapting 12207 for United States use to include the technical content found in J-STD-016. The working group consists of representatives from commercial and government organizations.
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US 12207-1996 will consist of ISO/IEC 12207 with additional materials.
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The scope of ISO/IEC 12207 is broader than the scope of J-STD-016. J-STD-016-1995 focuses on the development process while ISO/IEC 12207 includes the acquisition, supply, operation, and maintenance processes. Consequently, the additional materials in US 12207-1996 focus on those areas where the two standards overlap, i.e., development and the supporting processes such as documentation, quality assurance, configuration management, and joint reviews.

From Contracting for Quality EEE493 2001:

IEEE/EIA 12207 (June 1998)

- Also called “US 12207” for historical reasons

- Represents a “tactical” implementation of ISO 12207

- Focus is on the organizational level rather than the project level

Replaces BS EN ISO 8402:1995.

Replaced by BS EN ISO 9000:2005

From ISO - ISO 9000 / ISO 14000 - Quality management principles:

This document introduces the eight quality management principles on which the quality management system standards of the ISO 9000:2000 and ISO 9000:2008 series are based. These principles can be used by senior management as a framework to guide their organizations towards improved performance. The principles are derived from the collective experience and knowledge of the international experts who participate in ISO Technical Committee ISO/TC 176, Quality management and quality assurance, which is responsible for developing and maintaining the ISO 9000 standards.

From ISO 9000 essentials:

The ISO 9000 family of standards represents an international consensus on good quality management practices. It consists of standards and guidelines relating to quality management systems and related supporting standards.

ISO 9001:2008 is the standard that provides a set of standardized requirements for a quality management system, regardless of what the user organization does, its size, or whether it is in the private, or public sector. It is the only standard in the family against which organizations can be certified – although certification is not a compulsory requirement of the standard.

The other standards in the family cover specific aspects such as fundamentals and vocabulary, performance improvements, documentation, training, and financial and economic aspects.

From Wikipedia: ISO 9000:

ISO 9000 is a family of standards for quality management systems. ISO 9000 is maintained by ISO, the International Organization for Standardization and is administered by accreditation and certification bodies. The rules are updated, as the requirements motivate changes over time.

Some of the requirements in ISO 9001:2008 (which is one of the standards in the ISO 9000 family) include

* a set of procedures that cover all key processes in the business;
* monitoring processes to ensure they are effective;
* keeping adequate records;
* checking output for defects, with appropriate and corrective action where necessary;
* regularly reviewing individual processes and the quality system itself for effectiveness; and
* facilitating continual improvement

A company or organization that has been independently audited and certified to be in conformance with ISO 9001 may publicly state that it is "ISO 9001 certified" or "ISO 9001 registered". Certification to an ISO 9001 standard does not guarantee any quality of end products and services; rather, it certifies that formalized business processes are being applied.

Although the standards originated in manufacturing, they are now employed across several types of organizations. A "product", in ISO vocabulary, can mean a physical object, services, or software.

From Wikipedia: ISO 10303:

ISO 10303 is an ISO standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product manufacturing information. Its official title is "Industrial automation systems and integration - Product data representation and exchange", known as "STEP" or "Standard for the Exchange of Product model data".

The International standard's objective is to provide a mechanism that is capable of describing product data throughout the life cycle of a product, independent from any particular system. The nature of this description makes it suitable not only for neutral file exchange, but also as a basis for implementing and sharing product databases and archiving.

Typically STEP can be used to exchange data between CAD, Computer-aided manufacturing, Computer-aided engineering, Product Data Management/EDM and other CAx systems. STEP is addressing product data from mechanical and electrical design, Geometric dimensioning and tolerancing, analysis and manufacturing, with additional information specific to various industries such as automotive, aerospace, building construction, ship, oil and gas, process plants and others.

From http://www.ap233.org/:

STEP, more formally known as ISO 10303, is an International Standard for the computer-interpretable representation and exchange of product data. The objective is to provide a mechanism that is capable of describing product data throughout the life cycle of a product, independent from any particular system. The nature of this description makes it suitable not only for neutral file exchange, but also as a basis for implementing and sharing product databases and archiving.

AP233 (Application Protocol 233) is the STEP Systems Engineering Project, one of several dozen projects each focusing on specific exchange and integration problems within a given domain. Examples of other STEP projects are:

* AP203 - 3D Designs of Mechanical Piece Parts and Assemblies (MCAD)

* AP209 - Structural Analysis and Related Design (Analysis)

* AP210 - Electronic Assembly, Interconnect, and Packaging Design (ECAD)

* AP212 - Electrotechnical Design and Installation (Cable Harnesses)

* AP238 - Application interpreted model for computer numeric controllers (Machining)

From http://www.ap233.org/:

STEP's System Engineering Project

AP233 is a STEP-based data exchange standard targeted to support the needs of the systems engineering community, consistent with emerging standards in CAD, structural, electrical, engineering analysis and support domains. The AP233 Project is collaborating with the OMG SE DSIG team that is developing systems engineering extensions to Systems Modeling Language (OMG SysML™) and INCOSE (International Council on Systems Engineering), a systems engineering professional society.